مهندسی نساجی گیلان:. گیل تکس

سایت تخصصی نساجی و پوشاک

مهندسی نساجی گیلان:. گیل تکس

سایت تخصصی نساجی و پوشاک

Ergonomics Strategy Effects on Productivity and Occupational Hea

Ergonomics Strategy Effects on Productivity and Occupational Health Truama Care.
 Nayas Mustafa
Abstract
 You may have heard of the term Ergonomics . This is sometimes referred to as human factors . Not everyone really understands what ergonomics is, what it does, or how it affects people. This leaflet will help to answer these questions and to explain how understanding ergonomics can improve health and safety in your workplace. It is aimed at anyone who has a duty to maintain and improve health and safety and who wants to gain insight into ergonomics. It gives some examples of ergonomics problems and simple, effective advice on what can be done to solve them. Ergonomics is a science concerned with the fit between people and their work. It puts people first, taking account of their capabilities and limitations . Ergonomics aims to make sure that tasks, equipment, information and the environment suit each worker. An understanding of ergonomics in your workplace can improve your daily work routine. It is possible to eliminate aches, pains, and stresses at work and improve job satisfaction. Ergonomic solutions can be simple and straightforward to make - even small changes such as altering the height of a chair can make a considerable difference. People working in such poor or substandard environment are prone to occupational diseases. This may be mainly due to the attempts made by the workers to fit the man to the job rather than to fit the job to the man . The demands of new technologies and growing economies have led to the globalization of manufacturing, assembly and service industries. The globalization of the workplace and the multi-national configuration of organizations have created an environment for personnel and managers of constant change within the area of occupational and
environmental health in which safety, human factors and ergonomics play vital roles. Ergonomists, Safety and Human Factors Specialists and Industrial Hygienists often find it difficult to stay abreast of current information needed to stay in the forefront of important workplace issues. The most critical areas of concern are: communication, understanding, cultural differences and educational level of the workforce.

An ergonomics approach to the design of an industrial work station attempts to achieve an appropriate balance between worker s capabilities and work requirement to optimize worker s productivity and total system as well as provide worker s physical and mental well being ,job satisfaction and safety. over the years many theories ,principles
,methods and data relavant to the workstation design have been generated through research in ergonomics .the paper presents an optimal ergonomics effect in labour productivity and occupational safety ,health .incorporate with workstation design and simulation of body movement. Occupational health and safety (OHS) primarily seeks to maintain the working ability of the labour force as well as to identify, assess and prevent hazards within the working environment. Ergonomics, on the other hand, combines all of these issues to improve workers efficiency and well being and maintain industrial production through the design of an improved workplace. OHS and ergonomic applications therefore work together to satisfy the needs of changing local people s attitudes, local work methods and/or traditional ways of doing things. The rapid rate of changes in working life today also requires several types of flexibility with the consideration of occupational health, industrial hygiene and safety requirements in various workplaces. or sustainable workplace improvement, this leads to effective productivity levels through the appropriate levels of workers welfare and job satisfaction which can be improved through the mechanisation of production activities and ergonomic applications. The rapid growth of human resources and global free market opportunity has called for the implementation of OHS/ergonomics application as an important issue. With regard to both industrialisation and economic reform, health and safety strives towards the global commitment that should be considered as a matter of urgent attention. Apparel manufacturing is a labour-intensive, process requiring significant amounts of repetitive, skilled manipulation. Ergonomic interventions including redesign and proper adjustment of workstations, use of ergonomically designed seating, and training in low-risk methods and postures substantially reduce complaints. Ergonomic design has recently become increasingly important in the workplace, vital importance to the reduction ofThe 1 st International and the 7 th National Iranian Textile Engineering Conference 27-29 Oct 2009- Rasht, Iran
occupational injuries. Ergonomics can be an integral part of design, manufacturing, and use. Knowing how the study of anthropometry, posture, repetitive motion, and workspace design affects the user is critical to a better understanding of ergonomics as they relate to end-user needs. Mismatch between man and machine is one of the major factors contributing to musculoskeletal problems. This may be mainly due to the attempts made by the workers to fit the man to the job rather than to fit the job to the man . The recent efforts in this area are directed to fitting the job to the man by eliminating mismatch between the man and the machine and redesigning the work environment to the optimum comfort levels of the workers. In industrial environments, it is very likely for one to find several workers sharing the same workplaces, who have different perceptions of the risks they are exposed to. These different perceptions could lead to different workers attitudes and behaviours. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of existing techniques, which can be used within the assessment of Physical workload and associated exposure to work-related musculoskeletal risks. The strategy for assessing physical exposure in practical work situations is then discussed by Biomechanical Approach, psychophysical Approach, and Ergonomics under Business Control Strategies, Method of eco-ergonomics. Keywords: Ergonomics,OHS, Technology Management, Industrial Research in Work station Environment, PRODUCTIVITY

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